• In earlier experiments on snails a

  2024-10-31

  

  In earlier experiments on snails, a behavioral model was employed of certain food rejection to study the mechanisms of the reconsolidation of long-term associative memory. It was found that conditioned food stimuli (reminder) presentation, combined with injections of NMDA glutamate receptor antagoni

• br Introduction ACK or Activated Cdc Associated Kinase locat

  2024-10-31

  

  Introduction ACK1, or Activated Cdc42-Associated Kinase, located on chromosome 3q, is a ubiquitously expressed non-receptor tyrosine kinase cloned from a human hippo signaling pathway cDNA library (Manser et al., 1993). It was first identified to bind to activated Cdc42, a small Ras GTPase via i

• The gene SRD A encodes the

  2024-10-31

  

  The gene SRD5A2 encodes the 5-α-reductase enzyme, which converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. Although dihydrotestosterone levels are considerably lower than testosterone, dihydrotestosterone has a five-fold stronger binding capacity to the androgen receptor and, thereby, a considerably mo

• hydroxydopamine OHDA is a selective catecholaminergic neurot

  2024-10-31

  

  6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a selective catecholaminergic neurotoxin mainly used to generate lesions in the nigrostriatal pathway in rats (Ungerstedt, 1968). The most common use of 6-OHDA is via unilateral injection into the rat medial forebrain bundle (MFB). DA depletion, nigral DA cell loss, an

• In brief serotonin can interact with

  2024-10-31

  

  In brief, serotonin can interact with 7 classes of receptors are differentiated into 14 subtypes (Barnes and Sharp, 1999). Specifically, 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors have been the most widely studied in the modulation of anxiety responses (Deakin et al., 1992; Millan, 2003). However, the studies that

• Steroidal CYP inhibitors can further be classified based

  2024-10-31

  

  Steroidal CYP17 inhibitors can further be classified based on their mode of action, namely as mechanism-based inhibitors and type I and type II competitive inhibitors [129]. Recent studies investigated other biological targets than CYP17, and some new compounds have shown interesting dual activity a

• Several genes related to metabolism post transcriptional reg

  2024-10-31

  

  Several genes related to metabolism, post-transcriptional regulation, chromatin structure, and signaling pathways are required for the sexual development and virulence of G. zeae (Baldwin et al., 2010, Bluhm et al., 2007, Ding et al., 2009, Han et al., 2007, Hou et al., 2002, Jenczmionka et al., 200

• br Materials and methods br

  2024-10-30

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The current treatment modalities for colorectal cancer are hampered by various issues such as high acquired resistance, long-term complication with potential of cancer recurrence, severe side-effects and poor therapeutic index [50], [51], [52]. Compl

• br Results Four HT esters butyrate caprylate

  2024-10-30

  

  Results Four HT esters (butyrate, caprylate, laurate and stearate esters) were chosen as representative compounds of increasing lipophilicity (Fig. 1). We will refer to them as C4HT, C8HT, C12HT and C18HT, respectively. They have been synthesized, purified and characterized according to our previ

• (S)-(+)-Dimethindene maleate Em um estudo com modelos de

  2024-10-30

  

  Em 2011, um estudo com modelos de ratinhos triplamente mutados para (S)-(+)-Dimethindene maleate doença de Alzheimer expôs um grupo a anestesia geral com halotano ou isoflurano cinco horas por semana durante quatro semanas (a três diferentes idades: dois, quatro e seis meses) e um grupo sem exposiçã

• As one of emerging high throughout methods

  2024-10-30

  

  As one of emerging high-throughout methods, metabolomics detects metabolites which are ultimate response of biological systems to environmental changes [14]. Metabolomics uncovers metabolic alteration at the systems level. Comparison of global metabolic profiling reflects some unidentified biologica

• A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism wa

  2024-10-30

  

  A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial

• Since forskolin is known to

  2024-10-30

  

  Since forskolin is known to act directly at the catalytic site of adenylate cyclases near the ATP binding (Tesmer et al., 1997), the synergistic and/or permissive effect of gonadotropins on FSK activity must occur at the level of AC itself or very near, at the level of one of its direct partner. The

• When added to the culture medium extracellular ATP

  2024-10-30

  

  When added to the culture medium, extracellular ATP is metabolized into adenosine by ectonucleotidases, and ARs are then activated by adenosine with concentrations in the micromolar range [27]. However, our study showed that activation of ARs by exogenous adenosine could not induce the odontoblastic

• Serum soluble sCD is a shedding

  2024-10-29

  

  Serum soluble sCD21 is a shedding product from the ectodomain of membrane CD21 after B cell activation (Masilamani et al., 2003, Masilamani et al., 2004a, Masilamani et al., 2004b, Grottenthaler et al., 2006, Hoefer et al., 2008), which resembles the ligand-binding capacity of intact CD21 (Wu et al.

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